[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.avisat.cz\/vyuka-a-prace-s-autistickymi-detmi\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.avisat.cz\/vyuka-a-prace-s-autistickymi-detmi\/","headline":"V\u00fduka a pr\u00e1ce s autistick\u00fdmi d\u011btmi","name":"V\u00fduka a pr\u00e1ce s autistick\u00fdmi d\u011btmi","description":"Prvn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznaky autismu se projevuj\u00ed ji\u017e v ran\u00e9m d\u011btstv\u00ed, porucha b\u00fdv\u00e1 diagnostikov\u00e1na nejpozd\u011bji do t\u0159\u00ed let. Autistick\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b se rozv\u00edj\u00ed ji\u017e od po\u010d\u00e1tku odli\u0161n\u011b. Pro Continue Reading<\/i><\/a>","datePublished":"2019-05-07","dateModified":"2023-05-24","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.avisat.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.avisat.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/25a824e14ead2d36aba24b918221841350fb41cea98048e9b1929df8c4bf4bd8?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/25a824e14ead2d36aba24b918221841350fb41cea98048e9b1929df8c4bf4bd8?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"avisat.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.avisat.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a345210_w2294_t1558874914.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.avisat.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a345210_w2294_t1558874914.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.avisat.cz\/vyuka-a-prace-s-autistickymi-detmi\/","wordCount":529,"articleBody":"Prvn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznaky autismu se projevuj\u00ed ji\u017e v ran\u00e9m d\u011btstv\u00ed, porucha b\u00fdv\u00e1 diagnostikov\u00e1na nejpozd\u011bji do t\u0159\u00ed let. Autistick\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b se rozv\u00edj\u00ed ji\u017e od po\u010d\u00e1tku odli\u0161n\u011b. Pro jeho dal\u0161\u00ed rozvoj je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 v\u010dasn\u00e9 zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed poruchy a komplexn\u00ed terapeutick\u00e9 veden\u00ed. Ale ani tehdy neb\u00fdv\u00e1 dal\u0161\u00ed progn\u00f3za p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 dobr\u00e1. Kritick\u00fdm obdob\u00edm je v\u011bk p\u011bti let. Pokud v tomto v\u011bku d\u00edt\u011b nemluv\u00ed a jeho hra je jen stereotypn\u00ed manipulac\u00ed, nelze podstatn\u00e9 zlep\u0161en\u00ed o\u010dek\u00e1vat ani v budoucnosti. Uv\u00e1d\u00ed se, \u017ee do \u0161esti let se zlep\u0161\u00ed pouze 10-20% autistick\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed. V dosp\u011blosti z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b dv\u011b t\u0159etiny takto posti\u017een\u00fdch z\u00e1visl\u00fdch na p\u00e9\u010di rodiny nebo instituce. I tehdy, kdy\u017e se jejich stav celkov\u011b zlep\u0161\u00ed, p\u0159etrv\u00e1vaj\u00ed probl\u00e9my v komunikaci, soci\u00e1ln\u00ed odta\u017eitost a podivn\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed. Zna\u010dnou z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e p\u0159edstavuje vysok\u00e1 \u010detnost kombinace s ment\u00e1ln\u00edm posti\u017een\u00edm. Obecn\u011b plat\u00ed, \u017ee \u010d\u00edm ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed inteligence, t\u00edm hor\u0161\u00ed progn\u00f3za.Autistick\u00e9 d\u011bti mohou b\u00fdt v p\u0159ed\u0161koln\u00edm v\u011bku za\u0159azov\u00e1ny do speci\u00e1ln\u00edch mate\u0159sk\u00fdch \u0161kol, denn\u00edch stacion\u00e1\u0159\u016f a pozd\u011bji do specializovan\u00fdch vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Za\u010dle\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed do b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch \u0161kol neb\u00fdv\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 \u00fa\u010deln\u00e9. N\u00e1ro\u010dnost t\u00e9to soci\u00e1ln\u00ed situace je pro autistick\u00e9 d\u011bti tak velk\u00e1, \u017ee z n\u00ed vesm\u011bs nemohou m\u00edt pro sv\u016fj rozvoj pot\u0159ebn\u00fd u\u017eitek. I v dosp\u011blosti b\u00fdv\u00e1 jejich soci\u00e1ln\u00ed za\u0159azen\u00ed obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9. V\u011bt\u0161ina z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 trvale z\u00e1visl\u00e1 na p\u00e9\u010di rodiny nebo instituce. I ti, kte\u0159\u00ed nejsou tak z\u00e1va\u017en\u011b handicapov\u00e1ni, jsou schopni jen \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9ho osamostatn\u011bn\u00ed, s podporou a pomoc\u00ed. Jde p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b o 10% v\u0161ech autist\u016f. Autist\u00e9 mohou pracovat, ale jen ve speci\u00e1ln\u011b upraven\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch a pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9 bydlen\u00ed.U\u010den\u00ed autistick\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed je zna\u010dn\u011b limitovan\u00e9, chyb\u00ed jim subjektivn\u00ed d\u016fvod k osvojen\u00ed mnoha znalost\u00ed a dovednost\u00ed. Krom\u011b toho nejsou schopny generalizovat svou zku\u0161enost. Jak\u00e1koli zm\u011bna je dezorientuje a uv\u00e1d\u00ed do je\u0161t\u011b v\u011bt\u0161\u00edho chaosu.Z toho d\u016fvodu v\u0161echny nov\u00e9 podn\u011bty odm\u00edtaj\u00ed a reaguj\u00ed na n\u011b \u00fazkost\u00ed. Nejsou zv\u00eddav\u00e9 a spont\u00e1nn\u00ed, rozmanitost sv\u011bta je jim nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e1, maj\u00ed strach z \u010dehokoli nov\u00e9ho a odli\u0161n\u00e9ho. D\u00e1vaj\u00ed p\u0159ednost stereotypu, pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed zachov\u00e1vat velmi rigidn\u00ed \u0159\u00e1d, kter\u00e9mu jsou schopny l\u00e9pe rozum\u011bt. Stereotyp je pro autistick\u00e9 d\u011bti pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b p\u0159ita\u017eliv\u00fd t\u00edm, \u017ee je nezat\u011b\u017euje a nevyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 \u00fazkost. Tyto d\u011bti je velmi t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 n\u011bjak motivovat, proto\u017ee soci\u00e1ln\u00ed ocen\u011bn\u00ed, jako je nap\u0159\u00edklad \u00fasp\u011bch, uzn\u00e1n\u00ed \u010di pochvala, pro n\u011b nem\u00e1 \u017e\u00e1dnou hodnotu. Funk\u010dn\u00ed odm\u011bna je nej\u010dast\u011bji materi\u00e1ln\u00ed, nap\u0159. bonbon, nebo mo\u017enost konat n\u011bjakou p\u0159\u00edjemnou \u010dinnost.\u00a0 4.2\/5 - (6 votes) "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"V\u00fduka a pr\u00e1ce s autistick\u00fdmi d\u011btmi","item":"https:\/\/www.avisat.cz\/vyuka-a-prace-s-autistickymi-detmi\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]